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用tableau可视化vertica数据库之“lps&tps”篇 -m6米乐安卓版下载

原创 quanwen zhao 2021-12-21
6513

目录

前言

最近一段时间内我在m6米乐安卓版下载-米乐app官网下载上连续写了两篇关于数据库的原创博客文章,它们按照发表的时间顺序分别是:
因为vertica数据库是列式存储数据,经过压缩并能够很大程度上节约存储空间,还支持大规模地并行处理,非常适合海量数据的分析和处理,所以我们今天这篇文章介绍的是将oracle数据库的和的性能查询数据导入vertica数据库并用tableau工具连接vertica进行lps和tps的可视化操作。

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将oracle数据库的lps&tps查询导入vertica数据库

将oracle数据库的lps&tps查询保存为csv文件

这里需要说明一下,lps和tps分别是oracle度量的两个指标,我们使用一个sql查询即可完成,但是我们需要从三个维度才能更详细地阐述lps&tps。这三个维度分别是:最近1小时(按每分钟间隔)最近24小时(按每小时间隔)最近31天(按每小时间隔)。和上一篇博客文章类似的操作方法,我们在oracle sql developer中以脚本方式查询出lps&tps,然后将其保存为csv文件。由于文件中的数据行过长,所以不便在这里贴出,现已上传到我的,您可以从这里查看,它们分别是:三个维度的sql代码分别如下所示:

-- logons per sec & user transaction per sec in last 1 hour (interval by each minute).
set feedback  off;
set sqlformat csv;
set linesize 200
set pagesize 200
column metric_name    format a12
column snap_date_time format a20
column psn            format 999,999.99
alter session set nls_date_format = 'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss';
select to_char(end_time, 'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss') snap_date_time                                                -- the group column
     , decode(metric_name, 'user transaction per sec', 'transactions', 'logons per sec', 'logons') metric_name  -- the series column
     , round(value, 2) psn                                                                                      -- the value column
from v$sysmetric_history
where metric_name in ('user transaction per sec', 'logons per sec')
and   group_id = 2                                                                                              -- just retrieve the name with "system metrics long duration" in v$metricgroup
-- order by snap_date_time
--        , metric_name
order by metric_name
       , snap_date_time
;
-- logons per sec & user transaction per sec in last 24 hours (interval by each hour).
set feedback  off;
set sqlformat csv;
set linesize 200
set pagesize 200
column metric_name    format a12
column snap_date_time format a20
column psn            format 999,999.99
alter session set nls_date_format = 'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss';
select to_char(end_time, 'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss') snap_date_time                                                -- the group column
     , decode(metric_name, 'user transaction per sec', 'transactions', 'logons per sec', 'logons') metric_name  -- the series column
     , round(average, 2) psn                                                                                    -- the value column
from dba_hist_sysmetric_summary
where metric_name in ('user transaction per sec', 'logons per sec')
and   end_time >= sysdate - 1
-- order by snap_date_time
--        , metric_name
order by metric_name
       , snap_date_time
;
-- logons per sec & user transaction per sec in last 31 days (interval by each hour).
set feedback  off;
set sqlformat csv;
set linesize 200
set pagesize 200
column metric_name    format a12
column snap_date_time format a20
column psn            format 999,999.99
alter session set nls_date_format = 'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss';
select to_char(end_time, 'yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss') snap_date_time                                                -- the group column
     , decode(metric_name, 'user transaction per sec', 'transactions', 'logons per sec', 'logons') metric_name  -- the series column
     , round(average, 2) psn                                                                                    -- the value column
from dba_hist_sysmetric_summary
where metric_name in ('user transaction per sec', 'logons per sec')
and   end_time >= sysdate - 30
-- order by snap_date_time
--        , metric_name
order by metric_name
       , snap_date_time
;

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将所有csv文件上传到vertica服务器的/home/dbadmin目录下

这里,省略了上传的过程和一些授权相关的步骤,最后的上传结果详见“<<==”所指向的三个csv文件

[dbadmin@test ~]$ ls -lrht
total 112k
drwxr-xr-x 5 dbadmin verticadba  134 dec 15 14:06 vdb_oracle_perf
-rw-r--r-- 1 dbadmin verticadba  27k dec 16 18:37 oracle_dbtime.csv
-rw-r--r-- 1 dbadmin verticadba 1.9k dec 16 18:37 oracle_dbtime_2.csv
-rw-rw-r-- 1 dbadmin verticadba  390 dec 16 18:44 imp.log
-rw-rw-r-- 1 dbadmin verticadba  393 dec 16 18:45 imp_2.log
-rw-r--r-- 1 dbadmin verticadba 4.7k dec 20 09:42 oracle_lps_tps_in_last_1_hour.csv    <<==
-rw-r--r-- 1 dbadmin verticadba 2.0k dec 20 09:45 oracle_lps_tps_in_last_24_hours.csv  <<==
-rw-r--r-- 1 dbadmin verticadba  57k dec 20 09:47 oracle_lps_tps_in_last_31_days.csv   <<==

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用vsql客户端命令连接到vertica数据库

这次我们不用去连接vertica数据库了,哈哈!因为在vertica中自带了一个客户端,(类似于oracle的sql*plus),而且使用它在命令行接口上更加方便和快捷。连接过程详见下面的操作步骤:

[root@test ~]# su - dbadmin
[dbadmin@test ~]$ /opt/vertica/bin/vsql -h 127.0.0.1 vdb_oracle_perf dbadmin
password: 
welcome to vsql, the vertica analytic database interactive terminal.
type:  \h or \? for help with vsql commands
       \g or terminate with semicolon to execute query
       \q to quit
vdb_oracle_perf=> 

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在vertica数据库中创建相关的lps&tps表

在vsql下分别创建三个表,表名依次为:oracle_lps_tps_in_last_1_houroracle_lps_tps_in_last_24_hoursoracle_lps_tps_in_last_31_days。其操作步骤分别如下所示:

vdb_oracle_perf=> create table public.oracle_lps_tps_in_last_1_hour
vdb_oracle_perf=> (snap_date_time timestamp,
vdb_oracle_perf=>  metric_name    varchar2(20),
vdb_oracle_perf=>  psn            number(8,2)
vdb_oracle_perf=> );
create table
vdb_oracle_perf=> 
vdb_oracle_perf=> create table public.oracle_lps_tps_in_last_24_hours
vdb_oracle_perf=> (snap_date_time timestamp,
vdb_oracle_perf=>  metric_name    varchar2(20),
vdb_oracle_perf=>  psn            number(8,2)
vdb_oracle_perf=> );
create table
vdb_oracle_perf=> 
vdb_oracle_perf=> create table public.oracle_lps_tps_in_last_31_days
vdb_oracle_perf=> (snap_date_time timestamp,
vdb_oracle_perf=>  metric_name    varchar2(20),
vdb_oracle_perf=>  psn            number(8,2)
vdb_oracle_perf=> );
create table
vdb_oracle_perf=> 

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使用copy命令将csv文件导入刚创建的表中

导入过程请看下面的具体步骤:

vdb_oracle_perf=> 
vdb_oracle_perf=> copy public.oracle_lps_tps_in_last_1_hour from '/home/dbadmin/oracle_lps_tps_in_last_1_hour.csv' exceptions '/home/dbadmin/imp_lps_tps_1.log' delimiter as ',';
notice 7850:  in a multi-threaded load, rejected record data may be written to additional files
hint:  exceptions may be written to files [/home/dbadmin/imp_lps_tps_1.log], [/home/dbadmin/imp_lps_tps_1.log.1], etc
 rows loaded 
-------------
         122
(1 row)
vdb_oracle_perf=> copy public.oracle_lps_tps_in_last_24_hours from '/home/dbadmin/oracle_lps_tps_in_last_24_hours.csv' exceptions '/home/dbadmin/imp_lps_tps_2.log' delimiter as ',';
notice 7850:  in a multi-threaded load, rejected record data may be written to additional files
hint:  exceptions may be written to files [/home/dbadmin/imp_lps_tps_2.log], [/home/dbadmin/imp_lps_tps_2.log.1], etc
 rows loaded 
-------------
          48
(1 row)
vdb_oracle_perf=> copy public.oracle_lps_tps_in_last_31_days from '/home/dbadmin/oracle_lps_tps_in_last_31_days.csv' exceptions '/home/dbadmin/imp_lps_tps_3.log' delimiter as ',';
notice 7850:  in a multi-threaded load, rejected record data may be written to additional files
hint:  exceptions may be written to files [/home/dbadmin/imp_lps_tps_3.log], [/home/dbadmin/imp_lps_tps_3.log.1], etc
 rows loaded 
-------------
        1440
(1 row)
vdb_oracle_perf=> 

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用tableau可视化vertica数据库的表

在tableau中连接vertica数据库并选择schema为public,将表oracle_lps_tps_in_last_1_hour用鼠标拖动到指定位置,然后转到工作表,准备下一步的可视化操作。对应的个屏幕截图分别是:



工作表区域上,我们把度量名称snap date time用鼠标拖动到标签名为“列”的标签框里(默认是,将其展开到),把度量值psn拖动到标签名为“行”的标签框中,再将度量名称metric name拖动到标签名为“页面”的标签里。与此同时,我们会看到在整个页面的右边区域上新增了一个metric name的标签。不幸的是,这两个度量“logons”“transactions”不能同时出现在一个“折线图”中。我们需要在标签metric name上选择logonstransactions才能出现与其对应的折线图。详见如下两图的红框标明位置:



回头想想,造成这个问题的原因是表oracle_lps_tps_in_last_1_hour的列metric name的值logonstransactions在同一列,也就是其对应的度量值psn均在同一列,所以这两个度量各称无法出现在同一个折线图上。因此我们需要把metric name个值所在的转变为两个列,在这两个列中分别保存各自的度量值psn,这个需求我们称之为行转列操作。接着在tableau中的vertica数据库表oracle_lps_tps_in_last_1_hour才会有两个不同的度量。到这里,我们就暂先放弃了对表oracle_lps_tps_in_last_24_hoursoracle_lps_tps_in_last_31_days的可视化操作。

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对原始sql进行行转列改造,再重复执行前两步

1. 三个维度的行转列部分sql代码如下所示(由于代码过多,这里只贴出行转列的关键部分,其余内容和前面展示的sql代码完全一致):

-- converting rows to columns based on logons per sec & user transaction per sec in last 1 hour (interval by each minute).
......
with lps_tps_in_last_1_hour as
(
  ......
)
select *
from lps_tps_in_last_1_hour
pivot ( max(psn)
        for metric_name in
        (  'logons' as "logons"
         , 'transactions' as "transactions"
        )
      )
order by snap_date_time
;
-- converting rows to columns based on logons per sec & user transaction per sec in last 24 hours (interval by each hour).
......
with lps_tps_in_last_24_hours as
(
  ......
)
select *
from lps_tps_in_last_24_hours
pivot ( max(psn)
        for metric_name in
        (  'logons' as "logons"
         , 'transactions' as "transactions"
        )
      )
order by snap_date_time
;
-- converting rows to columsn based on logons per sec & user transaction per sec in last 31 days (interval by each hour).
......
with lps_tps_in_last_31_days as
(
  ......
)
select *
from lps_tps_in_last_31_days
pivot ( max(psn)
        for metric_name in
        (  'logons' as "logons"
         , 'transactions' as "transactions"
        )
      )
order by snap_date_time
;

2. 同样,将上面的sql代码分别在oracle sql developer里以脚本方式运行并保存为csv文件,您可以从这里查看,它们分别是:

3. 将三个csv文件上传到vertica数据库服务器的/home/dbadmin/目录下,见“<<==”标明的位置。

[dbadmin@test ~]$ ls -lrht
total 156k
drwxr-xr-x 5 dbadmin verticadba  134 dec 15 14:06 vdb_oracle_perf
-rw-r--r-- 1 dbadmin verticadba  27k dec 16 18:37 oracle_dbtime.csv
-rw-r--r-- 1 dbadmin verticadba 1.9k dec 16 18:37 oracle_dbtime_2.csv
-rw-rw-r-- 1 dbadmin verticadba  390 dec 16 18:44 imp.log
-rw-rw-r-- 1 dbadmin verticadba  393 dec 16 18:45 imp_2.log
-rw-r--r-- 1 dbadmin verticadba 4.7k dec 20 09:42 oracle_lps_tps_in_last_1_hour.csv
-rw-r--r-- 1 dbadmin verticadba 2.0k dec 20 09:45 oracle_lps_tps_in_last_24_hours.csv
-rw-r--r-- 1 dbadmin verticadba  57k dec 20 09:47 oracle_lps_tps_in_last_31_days.csv
-rw-rw-r-- 1 dbadmin verticadba  425 dec 20 10:06 imp_lps_tps_1.log
-rw-rw-r-- 1 dbadmin verticadba  428 dec 20 10:06 imp_lps_tps_2.log
-rw-rw-r-- 1 dbadmin verticadba  428 dec 20 10:07 imp_lps_tps_3.log
-rw-r--r-- 1 dbadmin verticadba 1.9k dec 20 14:51 crbc_oracle_lps_tps_in_last_1_hour.csv    <<==
-rw-r--r-- 1 dbadmin verticadba  831 dec 20 14:52 crbc_oracle_lps_tps_in_last_24_hours.csv  <<==
-rw-r--r-- 1 dbadmin verticadba  24k dec 20 14:53 crbc_oracle_lps_tps_in_last_31_days.csv   <<==

4. 用vsql连接到vertica数据库创建新表(表名在原表的基础上增加crbc前缀)并用copy命令导入csv文件中的数据。

vdb_oracle_perf=> 
vdb_oracle_perf=> create table public.crbc_oracle_lps_tps_in_last_1_hour
vdb_oracle_perf=> (snap_date_time timestamp,
vdb_oracle_perf=>  logons         number(8,2),
vdb_oracle_perf=>  transactions   number(8,2)
vdb_oracle_perf=> );
create table
vdb_oracle_perf=> 
vdb_oracle_perf=> create table public.crbc_oracle_lps_tps_in_last_24_hours
vdb_oracle_perf=> (snap_date_time timestamp,
vdb_oracle_perf=>  logons         number(8,2),
vdb_oracle_perf=>  transactions   number(8,2)
vdb_oracle_perf=> );
create table
vdb_oracle_perf=> 
vdb_oracle_perf=> create table public.crbc_oracle_lps_tps_in_last_31_days
vdb_oracle_perf=> (snap_date_time timestamp,
vdb_oracle_perf=>  logons         number(8,2),
vdb_oracle_perf=>  transactions   number(8,2)
vdb_oracle_perf=> );
create table
vdb_oracle_perf=> 
vdb_oracle_perf=> copy public.crbc_oracle_lps_tps_in_last_1_hour from '/home/dbadmin/crbc_oracle_lps_tps_in_last_1_hour.csv' exceptions '/home/dbadmin/imp_crbc_lps_tps_1.log' delimiter as ',';
notice 7850:  in a multi-threaded load, rejected record data may be written to additional files
hint:  exceptions may be written to files [/home/dbadmin/imp_crbc_lps_tps_1.log], [/home/dbadmin/imp_crbc_lps_tps_1.log.1], etc
 rows loaded 
-------------
          61
(1 row)
vdb_oracle_perf=> 
vdb_oracle_perf=> copy public.crbc_oracle_lps_tps_in_last_24_hours from '/home/dbadmin/crbc_oracle_lps_tps_in_last_24_hours.csv' exceptions '/home/dbadmin/imp_crbc_lps_tps_2.log' delimiter as ',';
notice 7850:  in a multi-threaded load, rejected record data may be written to additional files
hint:  exceptions may be written to files [/home/dbadmin/imp_crbc_lps_tps_2.log], [/home/dbadmin/imp_crbc_lps_tps_2.log.1], etc
 rows loaded 
-------------
          24
(1 row)
vdb_oracle_perf=> 
vdb_oracle_perf=> copy public.crbc_oracle_lps_tps_in_last_31_days from '/home/dbadmin/crbc_oracle_lps_tps_in_last_31_days.csv' exceptions '/home/dbadmin/imp_crbc_lps_tps_3.log' delimiter as ',';
notice 7850:  in a multi-threaded load, rejected record data may be written to additional files
hint:  exceptions may be written to files [/home/dbadmin/imp_crbc_lps_tps_3.log], [/home/dbadmin/imp_crbc_lps_tps_3.log.1], etc
 rows loaded 
-------------
         720
(1 row)
vdb_oracle_perf=> 

5. 在tableau中连接vertica数据库并可视化新表

这次,我们终于可以将两个度量logonstransactions在同一个折线图中展示出来了,其中对新表crbc_oracle_lps_tps_in_last_1_hour的可视化操作依次见如下个屏幕截图:






crbc_oracle_lps_tps_in_last_24_hourscrbc_oracle_lps_tps_in_last_31_days的可视化结果分别如下所示:



以上就是用tableau可视化vertica数据库之“lps&tps”篇的所有内容。另外,您也可以在32-64行66-98行100-132行217-238行344-365行367-388行找到我前面提到的所有sql源代码欢迎业界各位朋友在文章底部的评论区提出您的反馈意见。

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参考内容






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