adg干货 -m6米乐安卓版下载

本次使用

oracle 11.2.0.4 数据库软件

rhel rhel6.2 操作系统

1.1修改主、备库hosts文件

vi /etc/hosts

172.20.0.7 liu
172.20.0.8 liudg

1.2环境变量

主库环境变量

vi .bash_profile
oracle_base=/u01/app/oracle; export oracle_base
oracle_home=$oracle_base/product/11.2.0.4/db_1; export oracle_home
oracle_sid=orcl; export oracle_sid
path=$oracle_home/bin:$path; export path
ld_library_path=$oracle_home/lib:/lib:/usr/lib; export ld_library_path
classpath=$oracle_home/jlib:$oracle_home/rdbms/jlib; export classpath
lang=en_us; export lang
oracle_unqname=orcl; export oracle_unqname
alias sqlplus="rlwrap sqlplus"
alias rman="rlwrap rman"

备库环境变量

vi .bash_profile
oracle_base=/u01/app/oracle; export oracle_base
oracle_home=$oracle_base/product/11.2.0.4/db_1; export oracle_home
path=$oracle_home/bin:$path; export path
oracle_sid=orcl; export oracle_sid
ld_library_path=$oracle_home/lib:/lib:/usr/lib; export ld_library_path
classpath=$oracle_home/jlib:$oracle_home/rdbms/jlib; export classpath
lang=en_us; export lang
oracle_unqname=orcldg; export oracle_unqname
alias sqlplus="rlwrap sqlplus"
alias rman="rlwrap rman"

1.3主备库环境准备

主库安装数据库软件、建库、建监听
./runinstaller ****安装数据库软件****
netca ****建监听****
dbca ****建库****

备库安装数据库软件、建监听
./runinstaller ****安装数据库软件****
netca ****建监听****

2.1主库开启归档

archive log list;
shutdown immediate;
startup mount;
alter database archivelog;

2.2主库开启强制日志

alter database force logging；

（在mount模式下执行，效率更快，可以在开启归档时执行）

2.3主库开启flashback日志

select flashback_on from v$database;
alter database flashback on;
alter database open;

2.4修改tnsnames.ora 文件

cd $oracle_home/network/admin
***主备同步需要***
orcl =
　　(description =
　　　　(address = (protocol = tcp)(host = 172.20.0.7)(port = 1521))
　　　　(connect_data =
　　　　　　　　(server = dedicated)
　　　　　　　　(service_name = orcl)
　　　　)
)
orcldg =
    (description =
　　　　(address = (protocol = tcp)(host = 172.20.0.8)(port = 1521))
　　　　(connect_data =
　　　　　　　　(server = dedicated)
　　　　　　　　(service_name = orcl)
　　　　)
)

2.5修改监听为静态注册

主库：
sid_list_listener =
　　　　(sid_list =
　　　　(sid_desc =
　　　　　　　　(global_dbname = orcl)
　　　　　　　　(sid_name = orcl)
　　　　　　　　(oracle_home = /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/db_1/)
　　　　)
)
listener =
(description_list =
　　　　(description =
　　　　　　　　(address = (protocol = tcp)(host = 172.20.0.7)(port = 1521))
　　　　　　　　(address = (protocol = ipc)(key = extproc1521))
　　　　)
)
adr_base_listener = /u01/app/oracle
备库：
sid_list_listener =
　　　　(sid_list =
　　　　　　　　(sid_desc =
　　　　　　　　(global_dbname = orcl)
　　　　　　　　(sid_name = orcl)
　　　　　　　　(oracle_home = /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/db_1/)
　　　　　　　　)
)
listener =
(description_list =
　　　　(description =
　　　　　　　　(address = (protocol = tcp)(host = 172.20.0.8)(port = 1521))
　　　　　　　　(address = (protocol = ipc)(key = extproc1521))
　　　　)
)
adr_base_listener = /u01/app/oracle
重启主备监听:
lsnrctl stop
lsnrctl start
主备检测tnsnames
tnsping orcldg
tnsping orcl

2.6.修改主库参数，增加standby 联机日志

sqlplus / as sysdba
增加以下内容
alter system set db_unique_name='orcl' scope=spfile;
alter system set log_archive_config='dg_config=(orcl,orcldg)';
alter system set log_archive_dest_1='location=/u01/app/oracle/arch valid_for=(all_logfiles,all_roles) db_unique_name=orcl' scope=spfile;
alter system set log_archive_dest_2='service=orcldg valid_for=(online_logfiles,primary_role) db_unique_name=orcldg' scope=spfile;
alter system set log_archive_dest_state_1='enable' scope=spfile;
alter system set log_archive_dest_state_2='enable' scope=spfile;
alter system set db_file_name_convert='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/datafile','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcldg/datafile';
alter system set log_file_name_convert='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/onlinelog/','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcldg/onlinelog/';
alter system set fal_server='orcldg';
alter system set fal_client='orcl';
alter system set standby_file_management='auto' scope=spfile;
alter system set remote_login_passwordfile=exclusive scope=spfile;
alter database add standby logfile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/onlinelog/stredo01.log' size 50m;
alter database add standby logfile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/onlinelog/stredo02.log' size 50m;
alter database add standby logfile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/onlinelog/stredo03.log' size 50m;
alter database add standby logfile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/onlinelog/stredo04.log' size 50m;
重启主库
shutdown immediate;
startup;

2.7生成主库pfile文件

create pfile='/home/oracle/pfile.ora' from spfile;

2.8传输相应文件到备库

1)主库密码文件

scp -r $oracle_home/dbs/orapworcl liudg:$oracle_home/dbs/ 

2) 主库pfile文件

scp -r /home/oracle/pfile.ora liudg:/home/oracle/

2.9修改备库pfile文件

(注:orcl和orcldg互换即可/log_file_name_convert、db_file_name_convert无需变化)

3.1创建备库相应目录结构

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/orcldg/adump
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcldg/controlfile/
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/orcldg/controlfile/
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/orcldg/orcl/cdump
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcldg/datafile
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/arch
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcldg/onlinelog/standby
(注:据当前环境目录修改)

3.2启动备库到nomount状态

[oracle@orcldg ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
sql> create spfile from pfile='/home/oracle/pfile.ora';
file created.
sql> startup nomount;
oracle instance started.
total system global area 835104768 bytes
fixed size 2257840 bytes
variable size 541068368 bytes
database buffers 289406976 bytes
redo buffers 2371584 bytes
sql>

3.3主库连接辅助库

[oracle@liu ~]$ rman target sys/ln202902@orcl auxiliary sys/ln202902@orcldg
recovery manager: release 11.2.0.4.0 - production on tue apr 10 14:32:33 2018
米乐app官网下载 copyright (c) 1982, 2011, oracle and/or its affiliates. all rights reserved.
connected to target database: orcl (dbid=1615274987)
connected to auxiliary database: orcl (not mounted)
rman>

3.4duplicate复制数据库

rman> duplicate target database for standby nofilenamecheck from active database;
nofilenamecheck： 相同目录结构使用此参数,结构不同使用该参数避免目录检查。
rman> duplicate target database for standby from active database;

sql>alter database recover managed standby database disconnect from session using current logfile;

sql> select name,archived,applied,sequence# from v$archived_log;
sql> alter system archive log current;
sql> select name,archived,applied,sequence# from v$archived_log;
sql> archive log list;
sql> alter system switch logfile;
sql> archive log list;

7.1关闭

先主库，后备库。

主库执行:
shutdown immediate;
lsnrctl stop
备库执行:
alter database recover managed standby database cancel; 关闭实时同步
shutdown immediate;
lsnrctl stop

7.2启动

先备库，后主库。

备库执行:
lsnrctl start
startup nomount；
alter database mount standby database;
alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect from session;
主库执行:
lsnrctl start
startup 

1.主库启动到mount状态
2.主库中执行如下sql语句
sql> alter database set standby database to maximize {availability | performance | protection};
3.查询保护模式语句
sql> select protection_mode from v$database;

主库：
sql> select switchover_status from v$database;
1. 如果switchover_status为to_standby说明可以转换
直接转换：
alter database commit to switchover to physical standby;
2. 如果switchover_status为sessions active 则关闭会话
sql>alter database commit to switchover to physical standby with session shutdown;
3. startup #启动
4. alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect from session; #启同步
5.select name,open_mode,switchover_status,database_role from v$database; #查看状态
备库：
sql> select switchover_status from v$database;
1. 如果switchover_status为to_primary 说明标记恢复可以直接转换为primary库
sql>alter database commit to switchover to primary
2. 如果switchover_status为session active 就应该断开活动会话
sql>alter database commit to switchover to primary with session shutdown;
3. 如果switchover_status为not allowed 说明切换标记还没收到，此时不能，检查主库
4.alter database open;
5.select name,open_mode,switchover_status,database_role from v$database; 

旧备库切新主库：
alter database recover managed standby database finish force;
alter database commit to switchover to primary with session shutdown;
alter database open;
select name,log_mode ,open_mode ,database_role ,protection_mode ,switchover_status from v$database;
select to_char(standby_became_primary_scn) from v$database; #查询进主库的scn

新主库切旧备库：
shutdown immediate
startup mount
flashback database to scn 新主库scn;
alter database convert to physical standby; #转换physical standby database 
shutdown immediate;
startup;
select name,open_mode,switchover_status,database_role from v$database; #查看当前状态

alter database recovr managed standby database using current logfile disconnect from session; #开启mrp
select name,open_mode,switchover_status,database_role from v$database;

检查：
archive log list;
此刻是主备正常的
旧主库恢复后，就可以将角色转回
新主库状态：

alter database commit to switchover to pysical standby; #转回备库
startup;
select name,open_mode,switchover_status,database_role from v$database;
新备库状态：

此刻
alter database commit to switchover to primary with session shutdown ;
alter database open;

ok

1.主备库listener.ora静态注册中添加如下：

sid_list_listener =
　　　　(sid_list =
　　　　(sid_desc =
　　　　　　　　(global_dbname = orcl)
　　　　　　　　(sid_name = orcl)
　　　　　　　　(oracle_home = /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/db_1/)
)
　　　　(sid_desc =
　　　　(global_dbname = orcl_dgmgrl) #db_unique_name.dgmgrl
　　　　　　　　(sid_name = orcl)
　　　　　　　　(oracle_home = /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/db_1/)
　　　　)
)

2.开启broker

show parameter dg_broker_start;

alter system set dg_broker_start=true scope=spfile;

3.dgmgrl

到这儿就算是成功了，然后现在试试一条命令的转换主备

接下来要配置成功fast_start failover 需要满足以下5项条件.

1. dataguard 的配置要么是maxavailability模式要么是maxperformance模式.

2.当dataguard的配置为maxavailability模式时,fast-start failover的目标standby数据库的log传送模式必须设置为sync.

3. 当dataguard的配置为maxperformance模式时,fast-start failover的目标standby数据库的log传送模式必须设置为async.

4. 主库与fast-start failover的目标standby数据库都必须激活flashback功能.

5. 当配置了多个standby数据库时,要在主库的配置属性faststartfailovertarget指定目标standby 数据库.

操作：略

配置完毕后

开启observer

dgmgrl> start observer(nohup dgmgrl -silent sys/oracle@orcl "start observer" &)

dgmgrl> enable fast_start failover

ok成功